Factors influencing reproduction and genetic toxic effects on male gonads

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Factors influencing reproduction and genetic toxic effects on male gonads

The objective of toxicological study of a target organ, such as the testis, is to elucidate the qualitative and quantitative toxic effects of a chemical on that organ. The ultimate objective is to assess the toxic effects of a chemical in laboratory animals and extrapolate the pertinent experimental data to man. To accomplish these objectives, one must consider the main factors which may influe...

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Alcohol's effects on male reproduction.

The male reproductive system consists of the hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary gland, and the testes. Alcohol can interfere with the function of each of these components, thereby causing impotence, infertility, and reduced male secondary sexual characteristics. In the testes, alcohol can adversely affect the Leydig cells, which produce and secrete the hormone testosterone. Studies found that...

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Effects of toxic substances on female reproduction

Successful reproduction requires a complex series of interdependent physiological, cellular and molecular events. In the female many of these interdependent events are vulnerable to interruption by xenobiotic compounds. The physiological steps in the female reproductive cycle are reviewed. Selected xenobiotics which interrupt this cycle are presented and their mechanisms and site of adverse eff...

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Genetic variation in male effects on female reproduction and the genetic covariance between the sexes.

Males of many insect species increase the fecundity and/or egg size of their mates through the amount or composition of their nuptial gifts or ejaculate. The genetic bases of such male effects on fecundity or egg size are generally unknown, and thus their ability to evolve remains speculative. Likewise, the genetic relationship between male and female investment into reproduction in dioecious s...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Environmental Health Perspectives

سال: 1978

ISSN: 0091-6765,1552-9924

DOI: 10.1289/ehp.7824117